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101 ways to protect yourself from debt

The holidays are typically a time we think about spending money, not
cutting expenses. But let's face it, you're going to have to pay for all
those shiny new packages under the tree (or whatever holiday icon you
choose to celebrate).

You've heard all the standard ways to cut costs: don't buy Starbucks,
take a bag lunch, and so forth. But you can get a lot more creative with
slicing and dicing the way you divvy up your financial pie. Some of these
trimming tips may be familiar to you and some may be new, but if you
follow through on them, you're sure to shake loose a few more dollars
that can be spent on whatever you value the most.

1. Watch out for shipping costs when buying via the Internet. Use the
Internet to comparison shop, then pick up the item locally.
2. If you see something in a catalog that you want to buy, wait a week
before ordering to see if you still really want it. (But don't wait too long or
your holiday gift may not make it under the tree in time.)

3. When traveling, look online for ideas and/or coupons before you go.
Once on site, ask the locals for low-cost favorite spots, a la Rachael
Ray.
4. Try a vacation at home. See and do the things you've always meant
to do and save on hotel costs. The holidays are a perfect time to enjoy
local festivities.
5. Send free e-cards and save on postage.
6. Give your time or services instead of "things" for gifts.

7. Go gray. If you hate sitting with gloppy color on your head and paying
an arm and a leg for the privilege, you should know that as the baby
boomers age, gray is "in."

8. If you own a house, shift your higher-rate credit card debt to a
lower-rate line of credit. Deduct the interest on your tax return.
9. If you own a house, use a home equity loan to pay off auto loans. The
interest is tax-deductible.

10. Pay your mortgage payment biweekly instead of monthly--you'll
save on interest costs and pay off your mortgage sooner.
11. Pay extra premium payments when paying your mortgage. As
above, you'll save interest payments and be able to pay off your
mortgage sooner.

12. Pay cash when possible--psychologically it's harder to spend cash
than using credit cards, and you'll save on interest charges.
13. Set up one checking account for regular recurring expenses and
another for bigger-ticket items. (Only buy if you've saved enough.)

14. Check with state or federal governments to see if you have money
owed to you. To find out more about claims in your state, go to the
National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators' Web site.
15. If you've inherited an IRA, understand how to stretch out the tax
deferral by taking the correct minimum required distribution.

16. Don't get divorced.
17. Quit smoking.
18. Save all your change and use it to buy gifts next year.
19. Go to matinee movies instead of movies at night.
20. Stop buying clothes that are "dry clean only." Learn to iron.
21. Plan parties where everyone brings something.

22. Have cocktails at home and then go out; have dessert at home.
23. Order vegetarian when you're out.
24. Look up phone numbers in the phone book instead of paying for
directory assistance.



25. Save yourself from trouble of all kind
26. Shop resale shops or estate sales.
27. Shop the clearance racks.
28. Make your own greeting cards on a computer.
29. Fill prescriptions with the generic form of the drug.
30. Plan your purchases--avoid impulse buying.
31. Use public transportation.

32. Track your spending. If you write it all down, you'll probably spend
less. And you'll know exactly where your money goes.
33. Use your senior discount or information about member discounts
and services.

34. Skip paying cab fare now and then. Walk or take the bus.
35. Don't buy mutual funds just before capital gains distributions.
36. Use a budget--especially for items like gifts.

37. Compare rates for cable and satellite. Go with the less expensive
option. Only sign up for the channels you know you'll watch.
38. Consider buying a certified preowned car instead of a new one.

39. Don't renew subscriptions to publications you don't have time to read.
40. Don't watch so much TV. You won't see all the ads and be as tempted
to buy. Take a walk instead or play with your kids.
41. Make IRA contributions early in the year to take advantage of
additional months of tax deferral.

42. Lock in a fixed mortgage rate so your interest rate can't increase to a
point you can no longer make your house payments.
43. Only use ATMs where you won't be charged service fees.
44. Use the public library to check out movies or books for free.
45. Consider dropping your land line phone at home. Your cell phone
may be all you need and some come with free long distance services.
46. Give up expensive health club memberships.

Learn to exercise outdoors, at home, or through the park district. Or join
the YMCA.
47. With the high cost of oil, those hybrid cars are looking more attractive
all the time. Check out Hybrid Car Guide for more.
48. Wait a little longer between manicures (try doing one yourself!),
massages, or highlights, and try a local training school.
49. Play golf less often, look for tee times when rates are reduced, or play
at lower-cost public courses.

50. Pay off your credit cards monthly and avoid paying interest.
51. If you must charge, switch to a no-fee or low-fee credit card.
52. If your house down payment was less than 20%, cancel your private
mortgage insurance once your mortgage balance is 80% or less of your
home's value.

53. Check your credit history. and make sure everything is accurate. Good
credit may mean lower interest charges.
54. If you have a tendency to "bounce" checks, deduct a "cushion" from
your balance. Then if you accidentally let your balance go below zero,
you'll hit that cushion instead of paying fees for insufficient funds.

55. Participate in company retirement plans to save on taxes. Your
taxable income will go down and you'll defer taxes to the future.
56. Take advantage of your employer match in your 401(k) or other
retirement plan.
57. Don't take a loan from your 401(k) plan--you'll save on double taxation
of that repaid interest.

58. Take advantage of company-sponsored reimbursement plans. If your
company sponsors free retirement advice, take advantage of it.
59. Talk to financial planners at no cost. Look for newspaper money
shows or local events where this service may be offered.
60. Take advantage of free health screenings at work (if offered).
61. Switch to an HMO from a PPO for health insurance.

62. If self-employed, consider switching health insurance plans to
high-deductible plans to take advantage of HSAs.
63. Take advantage of medical prescription drug cards.
64. Get multiple quotes on insurance. It pays to shop around.
65. Raise the deductible on your homeowners insurance and car
insurance policies.
66. Increase the waiting period to six months or longer oM
66. Increase the waiting period to six months or longer on your
long-term care insurance.
67. Review life insurance premiums. Can the dividends pay the
premium instead of purchasing more coverage?

68. Buy term instead of whole life or universal life insurance.
69. If considering moving or retirement, look into places where the cost
of living and/or state tax rates are cheaper.
70. Keep track of your cost basis on investments to save money on
taxes when you sell an investment.

71. If you have a loss on your Roth IRA (the current balance is less than
what you contributed), consider taking out the balance and claiming a
deduction for the loss on Schedule A of your tax return.
72. Avoid paying penalties on retirement distributions by waiting until

you're over age 59 1/2 to make withdrawals. Start required minimum
distributions from traditional IRAs when you're age 70 1/2.
73. Do a 1035 annuity exchange to a company with lower expenses.
74. Put investments that generate ordinary income in tax-deferred
accounts.
75. Use tax-exempt bonds in taxable accounts.
76. Put investments that generate capital gains or dividends (both
generally taxed at lower rates than ordinary income) in taxable accounts.
77. Pay attention to the expense ratios on mutual funds you buy.
78. Consider using exchange-traded funds.
79. Pay attention to mutual fund brokerage fees.
80. Use prior-year capital-loss carryforwards to net out realized capital
gains. You'll pay less tax.
81. If you have stock options, consider holding the shares after exercise
for at least one year. You'll pay capital gains tax on the appreciation
when you sell.

82. Cook in bulk and freeze.
83. Turn down your home thermostat a couple of degrees in the winter.
84. Only do full loads of laundry and fill the dishwasher before running it.
85. Get a roommate and share expenses.
86. Investigate phone service via the Internet.
87. Use regular gas instead of premium.
88. Cut back on eating out.

89. Be a smart grocery shopper--cut coupons, shop at discount stores,
and stock up on sale items. Check out Costco or Sam's Club.
90. Buy energy-efficient appliances. They're cheaper in the long run.
91. Get rid of "add on" services with phone, TV, etc.
92. Keep up maintenance on cars. It may prevent costly future problems.
93. Get annual physicals to prevent costly future problems.
94. Wash your car at home and skip the car wash.
95. Pay bills online. Save postage.

96. Trade in your car with high insurance premiums for a car with lower
insurance premiums.
97. Buy an I-PASS and save on highway tolls (in Illinois).
98. Sign up for a Upromise credit card. A percentage of your purchases
will go into a college savings fund for your children.

99. Do your own home improvements. Home Depot and Lowe's
employees can walk you through what you need to know.
100. Bring your lunch to work or scout out the inexpensive places to buy
lunch. Look for inexpensive items on the menu, like soup.
101. Cut back trips to Starbucks or other premium coffee shops.
''DEBT RELIEF SOLUTION; 101 WAYS TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM DEBTS.
'' Earned Income?  Passive Income? Portfolio Income, Residual Income. How And Where To Get Them? What Are The
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EARNED  INCOME  // What is Earned Income?

EARNED INCOME: Is the most popular income, it's what
most of the population have to survive financially perhaps
for most people is the only income for life.

If that the case for you  as you,re reading now, that's
need to be changed and we will show you how and what
kind of other income you may need to have a successful
life and also what are the sources of these incomes.  

EARNED INCOME
Compensation from participation in a business, including wages ,salary,
tips, commission  and bonuses.
Earned income includes all the taxable income and wages you get from
working.

There are two ways to get earned income:
You work for someone who pays you or You work in a business you
own or run

Taxable earned income includes: Wages, salaries, tips, and other taxable
employee pay
•Net earnings from self-employment if you own or operate a business,

'Earned Income'
Earned derived from active participation in a trade or
business, including wages, salary, tips, commissions and
bonuses.


'Earned Income'
Earned income includes any income that a person or
company receives for work they have done.

If your boss gives you an advance on your next check,
this would be considered unearned income because you
haven't yet done anything to earn it.

Is that all you need to live a great life? Probably no.
You may also need:'' EARNED  INCOME , PASSIVE
INCOME, PORTFOLIO INCOME, RESIDUAL INCOME.-''
RESIDUAL INCOME.
PASSIVE INCOME

''REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS
CASHFLOW IS PASSIVE INCOME.

'Passive Income'
Earnings an individual derives from a rental
property, limited partnership or other enterprise in
which he or she is not actively involved.

What does Passive Income Mean?

Passive income allows you to perform a service
sell a product once and receive payments over
and over again for that same action. Investment
property that you purchased once and your
tenant pays you every month for as long as they
live there.

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INVEST IN {REIT} Real Estate Investment Trust and
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passive income.

''INVEST IN COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE, LET IT TAKE
CARE ITSELF, AND WELCOME PASSIVE INCOME
REGULARLY.


Passive income is usually taxable; however it is
often treated differently by the Internal Revenue
Service (IRS).

'Passive Income'
There are three main categories of
income: active income, passive income
and portfolio income.
Passive income does not include earnings from
wages or active business participation, nor does it
include income from dividends, interest or capital
gains. For tax purposes, it is important to note that
losses in passive income generally cannot offset
active or portfolio income.


It is important to note that, by some, portfolio income
is considered passive income; in which case
dividends and interest would be considered passive.

The important definition is the one the IRS uses, and
to be sure your taxes are filed correctly, it would be
prudent to check with the IRS or a tax professional
on this matter if you have a blend of active, passive,
and portfolio income.

The American Internal Revenue Service
categorizes income into three broad types,
active (earned) income, passive income, and
portfolio income.

It defines passive income as only coming
from two sources: rental activity or "trade
or business activities in which you do not
materially participate."
Passive income
Earnings from a business that does not require direct involvement from
the owner or merchant;

Passive income is an income received on a regular basis, with little effort
required to maintain it.

Passive Income Ideas That Work
(If you’re looking for something completely passive, you’ll have to stick
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Basically, own rental property, or buy or invest in a business that you don’
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NEXT WE ARE GOING TO TALK ABOUT PORTFOLIO INCOME. HOW
TO GET THIS INCOME AND WHAT ARE THE SOURCES.
PORTFOLIO  INCOME CLICK ON NEXT..


RESIDUAL INCOME, WHAT IS IT? HOW TO GET?
WHAT ARE THE SOURCES? RESIDUAL INCOME,
CLICK ON NEXT..
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Again; A Portfolio may refer to: in
finance, a collection of assets held
by an institution or an individual.
------------

A collection of investments all owned by the same
individual or organization.

These investments often include stocks, which are
investments in individual businesses;

bonds, which are investments in debt that are
designed to earn interest;

and mutual funds, which are essentially pools of
money from many investors that are invested by
professionals.

Also real estate can be included in your portfolio.. etc.
It is essential for individuals to
invest wisely for the rainy days and
to make their future secure...
------------

What is a Portfolio ?

A portfolio refers to a collection of
investment tools such as stocks,
shares, mutual funds, bonds, cash
and so on depending on the
investor’s income, budget and
convenient time frame.
What is Portfolio
Management ?

The art of selecting the right investment
policy for the individuals in terms of
minimum risk and maximum return is called
as portfolio management.

Portfolio management refers to managing
an individual’s investments in the form of
bonds, shares, cash, mutual funds etc so
that he earns the maximum profits within
the stipulated time frame.

Portfolio management refers to managing
money of an individual under the expert
guidance of portfolio managers.
Portfolio Management:

Portfolio management presents the best
investment plan to the individuals as per their
income, budget, age and ability to undertake
risks.
------------

Portfolio management minimizes the risks
involved in investing and also increases the
chance of making profits.
----------

Portfolio managers suppose to understand
the client’s financial needs and suggest the
best and unique investment policy for them
with minimum risks involved.
-----------

Portfolio management enables the portfolio
managers to provide customized investment
solutions to clients as per their needs and
requirements.
============

Types of Portfolio
Management..

Portfolio Management is further of the
following types:

◾Active Portfolio
Management: As the name suggests,
in an active portfolio management service,
the portfolio managers are actively involved
in buying and selling of securities to ensure
maximum profits to individuals.


◾Passive Portfolio
Management: In a passive portfolio
management, the portfolio manager deals
with a fixed portfolio designed to match the
current market scenario.


◾Discretionary Portfolio
management services: In
Discretionary portfolio management services,
an individual authorizes a portfolio manager
to take care of his financial needs on his
behalf.

The individual issues money to the portfolio
manager who in turn takes care of all his
investment needs, paper work,
documentation, filing and so on.

In discretionary portfolio management, the
portfolio manager has full rights to take
decisions on his client’s behalf.

============

◾Non-Discretionary
Portfolio management
services: In non discretionary portfolio
management services, the portfolio manager
can merely advise the client what is good and
bad for him but the client reserves full right to
take his own decisions.
Who is a Portfolio
Manager ?

An individual who understands the client’
s financial needs and designs a suitable
investment plan as per his income and
risk taking abilities is called a portfolio
manager. A portfolio manager is one
who invests on behalf of the client.
-----------

A portfolio manager counsels the clients
and advises him the best possible
investment plan which would guarantee
maximum returns to the individual.
--------------
Finally A portfolio manager must
understand the client’s financial goals
and objectives and offer a tailor made
investment solution to him. No two
clients can have the same financial
needs.
An individual must plan his future well
to ensure happiness for himself as well
as his immediate family members.
Consuming everything today and saving
nothing for the future is foolish..
============

What is Financial
Investment ?

Financial investment refers to putting aside a fixed amount of
money and expecting some kind of gain out of it within a
stipulated time frame.
---------------------

What is Important in
Financial Investment ?
Planning plays a pivotal role in Financial
Investment. Don’t just invest just for the sake of
investing. Understand why you really need to invest money?
Investing just because your friend has said you to do so is
foolish. Careful analysis and focused approach are mandatory
before investing.

Explore all the investment plans
available in the market. Go through the pros and
cons of each plan in detail. Analyze the risk factors carefully
before finalizing the plan. Invest in something which will give
you the maximum return.

Appoint a good financial planning manager who takes care of
all your investment needs. He must understand your
requirement, family income, stability etc to decide the best plan
for you.

One needs to be a little careful and sensible while investing. An
individual must read the documents carefully before investing.
Types of Financial Investment...

An individual can invest in any of the following:
◾Mutual Funds
◾Fixed Deposits
◾Bonds
◾Stock
◾Equities
◾Real Estate (Residential/Commercial Property)
◾Gold /Silver
◾Precious stones
Need for Financial Investment..

Financial Investment ensures all your dreams turn real and you enjoy life to the fullest without actually worrying about the
future.

Financial investment ensures you save for rainy days. Careful investment makes your future secure.

Financial investment controls an individual’s spending pattern. It decides how and what amount one should spend so that
he has sufficient money for future.
Tips for Financial investment..

Don’t just blindly trust your financial advisor. Read
the terms and conditions and go through all the related documents carefully
before signing. Check out risk factors, tenure, clauses etc before selecting
the plan.

Avoid cash transactions. It is always advisable to issue an
account payee cheque in favour of the company rather than giving cash to
your advisor. You never know when he disappears with all your hard earned
money.

Carefully staple all the related documents and put it in a folder. Keep it at a
proper and safe place. Loosing even a single paper might land you in trouble
later on.

Make sure your investment plan is the best in the market and guarantees
sufficient return in future.

If you plan to invest in property, ensure it is at a prime location and would
have takers in the near future. Investing in non approved properties is
worthless.
Types of Fixed-Income
Investments...Types of
fixed-income investments:

Bond ETFs and mutual funds. Short-term bonds.
--------
Preferred stock. - High-yield bond funds. - Municipal
bonds. - Corporate bonds. - Government bonds -

What is a fixed-income
investment?
Bonds are stable assets that offer income and a lower
amount of volatility compared to stocks.

The yields provided by corporate and government
bonds such as U.S. Treasury and municipal bonds are
currently low because the Federal Reserve lowered
interest rates for an extended period.

As investors reach their retirement age, they seek to
generate more income and avoid volatility from the
stock market and economy.

They can add a mix of individual bonds, mutual funds or
exchange-traded funds to their portfolio.

Fixed-income investments such as
intermediate- or longer-term bond funds are still
providing a decent yield despite the low interest.

Bond ETFs and mutual funds Choosing a single
government or corporate bond can be risky and more
expensive.

Investors tend to pay a "massive" premium when they
purchase individual bonds, but portfolio managers of
bond mutual funds and ETFs receive a discount for
buying a large number of bonds.

Adding an ETF or mutual fund that owns many bonds,
such as the Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF (ticker: BLV),
also diversifies risk.
--------------
Short-term bonds, Government and corporate bonds
have maturity dates that range from one year to 30 years.
Issuers pay the principal or face value of the bond when
a bond matures.

Investors receive lower yields for shorter maturities in
Treasury notes because there is less interest rate risk
and higher liquidity.

"While short-term bonds can hedge against interest
rate risk, you have to stay on your toes when you're
managing on your own."  
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Preferred stock Preferred stocks, which are
impacted by interest rates, are a hybrid investment that
contain characteristics of common stocks and bonds.
Investors receive a coupon that indicates the yield, a
research.

When interest rates fall, preferred equities will increase
in value and still provide consistent dividend payments.

Preferred equities are often issued by insurance
companies and banks. Investors who are planning to
retire often turn to preferred stock because the yield
can be higher than many bonds.
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High-yield bondsHigh-yield bonds are
riskier. In return, they provide a higher
yield.
In this current market environment with interest rates
on higher-quality assets at historic lows, some
investors "may be drawn to high yield in search of
income they can't find elsewhere,"

High-yield bonds may be an attractive investment since
they offer a competitive expected rate of return to parts
of the equity market with lower expected volatility.
------------
Municipal bonds:
Municipal bonds are issued by government entities
such as a city, state or an agency. The issuer pays the
face value of the bond when it matures along with
interest.

Depending on where you live, municipal bonds are
tax-free, and allocating them in a brokerage account can
make more sense for tax consequences.

Investing in a municipal bond mutual fund or ETF will
lower the risk of investing in a specific city or state.
"The municipal bond market is highly inefficient
because it's dominated by smaller investors,
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Corporate bonds:
Corporate bonds provide investors with yield and a
return of the principal amount. Investors should stick
with bonds that have an investment-grade rating, such
as AAA, but no lower than BBB.

Investing in corporate bonds allows an
investor to receive additional income for taking on
credit risk. "With corporate balance sheets largely in
good shape despite increasing leverage over the past
few years, risks of large-scale credit issues are low,"

. "Given the low coupons that many investment-grade
bonds have been issued at, durations or interest rate
risk for these bonds is significantly higher than in the
past.
-----------
Government bonds:
Treasurys and municipal bonds make up government
bonds, but they are impacted more by potential interest
rate drops.

Investors who own bonds that mature in 15 or 30 years
face the most risk. Investors must consider the
potential for default before adding city or state bonds to
a portfolio.

"Treasurys are relatively less risky than other bond
options because technically they are backed by the U.S.
printing press.

However, moving forward, they are likely to offer the
investor less yield,". Adding government bonds will
preserve capital and investors will benefit from "a
belief that rates will move even lower from a faltering
economy.
'Residual Income'
The amount of income that an individual has after all personal debts, including the
mortgage, have been paid.

This calculation is usually made on a monthly basis, after the monthly bills and debts
are paid.

Also, when a mortgage has been paid off in its entirety, the income that individual had
been putting toward the mortgage becomes residual income.

'Residual Income'
Residual income is often an important component of securing a loan.

The loaning institution usually assesses the amount of residual income an individual
has left after paying off other debts each month.

If the individual requesting the loan has sufficient residual income to take on
additional debt, the loaning institution will be more likely to grant the loan because
having an adequate amount of residual income will ensure that the borrower has
sufficient funds to make the loan payment each month.

=============
There are a variety of ways residual income can be earned. Following are some
examples.

1) Transfer the rights to a book you wrote, a software program you created, a gadget
you invented, or a song you recorded, to a company that agrees to pay you a
percentage of each copy of your work sold in the
future.

2) Become an actor and draw residual income from each of your movies, TV shows, or
commercials, each time they run.

3) Let an oil company drill a well on your property in exchange for a percentage of the
revenue.

4) Purchase an office building or other real estate that earns you recurring income
through lease or rental payments.

The above ways of earning residual income generally aren't that easy to implement.
Following are some that are more attainable for the average person:

Start a savings and investment program that pays you residual income in the form of
interest or dividends.

Residual Income Theory
Residual income is any income that is not based directly on the number of hours that
you worked to earn it.

While hourly pay or a salary are direct pay for your work, residual income has more to
do with how valued the product of your work is by those who use it.

Residual income can vary from miniscule to enormous, with most residual incomes
tending more
toward the former than the latter.
Personal Finance: Where are the safe places to put your money in time of financial crises, economic turmoil?
---------------
Finance: Fixed Income Security Investment: Types Of Fixed Income Investments..
---------------
Preferred Stocks vs. Common Stocks. = // Types of Preferred Stocks... Why Do Companies Issue Preferred Stock? =
LEARN MORE HERE...
--------------
'' How the Fed Keeps Track of Our Money Supply? // INVESTMENT'S SECRETS REVEALED, THE ABC's OF INVESTMENTS...
------------------
Femkonsa Capital: Best Index Funds vs Best ETF"s = Exchange Traded Funds.
LEARN MORE HERE...
-------------------
Millionaire Portfolio: Passive Income - Residual Income - Earned Income - Portfolio Income.  HERE ARE MUCH MORE... =
Research & Learning -/
-----------------
Dividend Stocks: List Of Dividend Paying Companies. Quarterly monthly cash-flow = Return On Investment... LEARN MUCH
MORE HERE...
-----------------
Knowledge Center: 101 Ways to Make Money Online We often recommend earning some extra income on the side .
---------------
Entrepreneur: Business Ideas And Opportunities.
---------------
Economic: Different Types Of Market To Invest in...
--------------
Freeknowledge: Things to Know About Government Bonds & Municipal Bonds...
-------------
Resource Center: Different ways to protect your money…
What to do when we have a market panic, or economic uncertainty...
Last Will And Testament...

What Not to Include When Making a Will...
Ways to Avoid Probate...  LEARN MORE HERE...
What Is a Portfolio?

A portfolio is a collection of financial investments like stocks, bonds,
commodities, cash, and cash equivalents, including closed-end funds and
exchange traded funds (ETFs).

People generally believe that stocks, bonds, and cash comprise the core of a
portfolio.
Though this is often the case, it does not need to be the rule. A portfolio may
contain a wide range of assets including real estate, art, and private investments.

You may choose to hold and manage your portfolio yourself, or you may allow a
money manager, financial advisor, or another finance professional to manage
your portfolio.
NOTE:

  A portfolio is a collection of financial investments like
stocks, bonds, commodities, cash, and cash equivalents,
as well as their fund counterparts.

  Stocks and bonds are generally considered a portfolio's
core building blocks, though you may grow a portfolio with
many different types of assets—including real estate, gold,
paintings, and other art collectibles.

  Diversification is a key concept in portfolio management.
  A person's tolerance for risk, investment objectives, and
time horizon are all critical factors when assembling and
adjusting an investment portfolio..
Understanding Portfolios

One of the key concepts in portfolio management is the wisdom of
diversification—which simply means not to put all your eggs in one basket.

Diversification tries to reduce risk by allocating investments among various
financial instruments, industries, and other categories. It aims to maximize
returns by investing in different areas that would each react differently to the
same event.

There are many ways to diversify. How you choose to do it is up to
you. Your goals for the future, your appetite for risk, and your personality are all
factors in deciding how to build your portfolio.

Regardless of your portfolio's asset mix, all portfolios should
contain some degree of diversification, and reflect the investor's tolerance for
risk, return objectives, time horizon, and other pertinent constraints, including
tax position, liquidity needs, legal situations, and unique circumstances.